You might be familiar with photosensitivity or sun sensitivity. It’s a condition where your skin overreacts to ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun or tanning beds, causing burns or itchy rashes. However, did you know some medications can increase sun sensitivity?
There are two ways that medications cause sun sensitivity:
- Phototoxicity, which is when a drug or chemical absorbs sunlight. This releases molecules called free radicals, which damage nearby cells and cause rapid inflammation.
- Photoallergy, which is when you ingest or apply a certain medication before exposing your body to light. The light can change the medication’s chemical structure, which your body identifies as a threat and triggers your immune system.
Systemic drugs, which are medications you ingest, typically cause phototoxic reactions. Meanwhile, topical medications are more likely to cause photoallergy.
Usually, photosensitivity reactions are more of an inconvenience rather than a serious cause for concern. The best way to treat a photosensitive reaction is to get out of the sun and apply a cool compress or aloe vera to the affected area. However, if you’re experiencing symptoms such as larger areas of affected skin, blistering, or a fever, seek professional medical care.
Sunshine is wonderful—just make sure your medication agrees. Take care of yourselves and each other.
By Steve Bond, BSc. Phm.
