April brings showers, a glimpse of spring and World Autism Awareness Day on April 2nd. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autism are both general terms for a group of complex disorders of brain development. The hallmark feature of ASD is altered social interaction.  As early as infancy, a baby with ASD may be unresponsive to people or focus intently on one item to the exclusion of others for long periods of time.  A child with ASD may appear to develop normally and then withdraw and become indifferent to social engagement.  ASD can be associated with intellectual disability, difficulties in motor coordination and attention and physical health issues such as sleep and gastrointestinal disturbances. 

Some common early symptoms (12-24 months) include: begins to develop language then loses it, or doesn’t acquire language at all; May appear deaf, respond unevenly or not at all to sounds; difficulty consoling during transitions (tantrums); difficulty sleeping / wakes at night; does not “point and look”; failure to bond; limited imaginative play; not interested in playing with other children; chronic stomach problems.

Although some areas of development in a child with autism are delayed, children with ASD often exhibit skills that are well above average in other areas.  Some children with ASD show tremendous advancements in non-verbal reasoning, reading, perceptual motor, drawing, music or computer skills. They may also have exceptional memory and visual spatial abilities.

Since 2011, the Autistic Self-Advocacy Network (ASAN) has designated April  “Autism Acceptance Month.” ASAN emphasizes the importance of accepting autism as a natural part of the human experience to foster meaningful dialogue.  Rather than simply being aware of autism, the change in language is important as it recognizes the importance of neurodivergence as a normal part of society.

Each individual will benefit from a holistic or broad-based approach drawing upon various treatments and therapies unique to their symptoms and abilities. Generally, caregivers should choose treatments for their child’s “program” from a variety of areas depending upon the individual’s symptoms and the family’s beliefs and capabilities.  Regardless of the treatment approach, most researchers agree that early recognition and treatment provide the best outcomes. Take care of yourselves and each other. 

By Steve Bond, BScPhm, RPh, CDE, FASCP